Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

The classification of personality disorders is defined within specific categories in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Among the options provided, obsessive-compulsive, schizotypal, and narcissistic are all recognized as distinct personality disorders. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of preoccupation with orderliness, perfectionism, and control. Schizotypal personality disorder involves acute discomfort in close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions, and eccentricities of behavior. Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by grandiosity, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. In contrast, manic episodes are a key feature of bipolar disorder, not a personality disorder. Manic states are primarily related to mood disorders where individuals experience heightened energy, reduced need for sleep, and often impaired judgment. The distinction between personality disorders and mood disorders like bipolar disorder is fundamental in psychiatric classification. Therefore, manic does not fit the criteria for personality disorders, making it the correct choice for this question.