Adult-Gerontology Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) Practice Exam

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What is the highest need in Maslow's hierarchy of needs?

Self-esteem
Love and belonging
Self-actualization
Safety and security

The correct answer is: Self-actualization

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, self-actualization represents the highest level of psychological development where an individual achieves their fullest potential and realizes their personal capabilities. This need encapsulates the desire for personal growth, self-improvement, and the fulfillment of one's talents and abilities. Individuals who are in pursuit of self-actualization are focused on pursuing passions, creativity, and achieving goals that are meaningful to them. This stage occurs only after all lower levels of needs are satisfied, including physiological needs, safety and security, love and belonging, and esteem needs. When these foundational needs are met, individuals are able to focus on personal growth and self-fulfillment, which can lead to a greater sense of purpose and satisfaction in life. This makes self-actualization not only a culmination of previous needs but also a reflection of the highest aspirations that a person can achieve, emphasizing personal development and realization of one’s true self.